Dissatisfaction with the state of the world is common. Far rarer are the drive and ability to do something about it. That’s why energetic visionaries, determined and able to reshape the world according to their desires, make fascinating figures around whom to build narratives.
Here are five works that feature visionaries.
Sultana’s Dream by Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain (1905)

A sultana finds herself strolling through city streets. To her discomfort, she is unveiled. However, no men use this as a pretext to pester her. This is because the sultana is no longer in the land of her birth, but rather in Ladyland, a nation where women are free and men carefully sequestered, as one might do with any dangerous animal.
How did this state of affairs come about? Thank a visionary queen who, when the men of her nation failed abjectly in the face of foreign aggression, stepped in with her superior female intellect. First, she convinced the few surviving men to retreat to the zenana. Second, the queen used a highly advanced sun-ray to incinerate the invaders. Third (and most important), the queen did not free the men, instead handing all the mechanisms of society to the intellectually superior (and thanks to the queen, universally educated) women. With the troublesome men out of the way, utopian progress and tranquility is easily achieved.
In accordance with the conventions of utopian narratives, The Sultana’s Dream has events, but very little in the way of plot. Instead, the dreaming sultana is taken on a tour of a nation that could be, during which all of this new nation’s virtues are highlighted and every possible objection easily dismissed.
My First Days in the White House by Huey Pierce Long (1935)

Huey “Kingfish” Long took time from his busy political career to pen what became an alternate history work (although critics might claim the book a fantasy from the get-go). In this short volume, the noted populist paid loving tribute to Long’s favourite visionary politician—Huey Long—by detailing the wonders that might be realized if only the voters would see fit to elect Long to the American presidency.
With Long in power, Americans would benefit from a modernized air force, the wealthy and the banks brought to heel, transformed transportation networks, even an end to the dust storms then plaguing America. Issues that proved intractable for lesser politicians would be easily handled by President Long.
Would Long have in reality enjoyed the easy success he does in this entertaining account? Would an America governed by a demagogue populist have gone badly off the rails? We shall never know, as he did not live long enough to give voters the opportunity to select him.
The Auctioneer by Joan Samson (1975)

The bumpkins of backwoods Harlowe, New Hampshire, too timid to change, are content with their rustic squalor. Yet change comes to Harlowe in the form of a real estate transaction: Out-of-towner Perly Dunsmore has purchased the Fawkes estate, which was left vacant by the violent murder of its previous owner.
Perly is charming, persuasive, and seemingly irresistible. Harlowe’s residents are cajoled into donating goods for a charity auction. As Perly secures his hold on power, requests become demands. Nothing is outside Perly’s bold commercial vision. Even the town’s children are assessed for sale to desperate, wealthy, childless couples. Only John Moore has the will to resist Perly… and John is an inarticulate brute incapable of attracting allies.
The Auctioneer is a horror novel, but one without significant supernatural elements. Perly doesn’t need satanic powers to take over Harlowe. All he needs to do is bribe a few strategically positioned officials, forestall resistance by appealing to greed, and intimidate anyone who resists. It’s a good thing nobody ever thought of trying that in real life.
Back in the USSA by Eugene Byrne and Kim Newman (1997)

President Charles Foster Kane and his robber baron supporters dismiss the righteous discontent of the American people. Kane and company mismanage the American economy. They lead America into an unwinnable war in Europe. Economic chaos provides Eugene Debs and his supporters opportunity. Cue glorious revolution and the rise of the United Socialist States of America.
Alas, the reality of the USSA falls short of its lofty dreams. Debs dies in 1926, replaced by Al Capone. Under Capone, the USSA rapidly transitions into a brutal autocracy where dissent earns prison terms or far worse. But even the most ruthless dictatorship can prove surprisingly ephemeral, given the right circumstances.
Yes, this is the USSR but in America. It’s also a bit unfair to Debs, although not to Al Capone. Putting a gangster in charge of the US seems like a pretty bad idea, so nobody would really do that.
Counterweight by Djuna, translated by Anton Hur (2021)

Obscure island nation Patusan is ideally located as the base of an orbital elevator. The LK Group, a Korean megacorporation, has graciously encouraged—compelled, really—Patusan to capitalize on their convenient location. Legions of imported workers, far outnumbering the indigenous population, work tirelessly on the elevator. The grand project of affordable space travel is well underway.
The Patusan Liberation Front sees itself as freedom fighters. LK External Affairs chief Mac sees the PLF as just another potential asset, if properly manipulated, for LK’s transformative project. It’s no surprise that Mac is not the only mastermind on Patusan trying to guide events. What is astonishing is that Mac’s rival is a corpse for whom even death is but a minor inconvenience.
Of course, speculative fiction abounds with visionaries determined to shape the world to their desires. The above are but five. Perhaps I missed some obvious examples (like that kid from Dune). Feel free to name your favourites in comments below.
Hi all–let’s try to keep the focus on recommending and discussing works of fiction, rather than getting completely bogged down in real-world politics. Thanks.
Heinlein in “Revolt in 2100” had Nehmiah Scudder who won an election, made sure there were no more elections, and turned the US into a religious dictatorship.
Of course there’s no way that could happen today. Not here. I mean, first you’d need to get control of a major communications channel, put the proper judges in place, get a legislature controlled by a party more interested in it’s own power than the legislature’s power. Just so many things that would need to happen before it was even remotely possible.
We don’t know the exact methodology of Scudder’s rise, since Heinlein decided it would be too depressing to write that story.
At the risk of getting bogged down, the best fiction does take such things into account!
I’m reminded of a recent quote from Charlie Angus, Canada’s punk politician, regarding the orange demagogue:
“This is like Al Capone in his syphilis phase. Welcome to gangster America.”
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s “Herland” is an interesting white companion piece to Hossain’s work.
Regarding “The Auctioneer,” that was author Joan Samson’s only novel. She died of cancer only a couple of months after it was published. At the time, it was a bestseller and had been optioned by a studio, but it was never filmed.
In Stephen King’s The End of the Whole Mess (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_End_of_the_Whole_Mess), Bobby Fornoy’s vision of a world at peace comes true
Speaking of King, The Dead Zone has a splendid example of a candidate determined to reshape his polity. The film effectively conveyed how effectively Greg Stilson could transform the world, given the chance.
Sounds a lot like the Pax gas used to bring peace to colony world Miranda in the film Serenity (2005). That went even less well – most of the colonists died, the remainder became violent cannibal psychopaths, as seen in episodes of the series Firefly (2002) prior to the film, and in Serenity itself. I hope King got royalties…
Yeah, I noticed the resemblance when I saw the movie
Blablablah Heinlein Valentine Michael Smith blablah Asimov Hari Seldon and Andrew Harlan blahblah Everett C. Marm …
Oh, and there was this guy named Frodo Baggins, who changed his world pretty significantly with the help of his best buds Samwise Gamgee and Sméagollum.
Why is Andrew Harlan in that list?
> Andrew Harlan (b. 1995) is a composer, bassist, and sound designer, based in Berkeley, California.
Not the one I have in mind; the one I have in mind was the protagonist of The End of Eternity (Asimov).
He wasn’t a visionary in any sense of the word. He was mostly doing a favor for a friend, and running for his life, and being cursed.
He had visions at least twice: in Bombadil’s house, and on Amon Hen.
Sauron and Saruman were the visionaries.
OK, I can see that. But I would say then that Aragorn and Gandalf were also, in different ways.
The Dispossessed by LeGuin and its prequel short story, The Day Before the Revolution. Also, The Foundation series by Asimov.
“The Day Before,” certainly; but The Dispossessed is set decades or centuries after the death of Odo (the visionary in question).
Shevek also wants to reshape his society, he just hasn’t succeeded (or failed) by the end of the book.
She does make an appearance in one scene on Anarres in The Dispossessed.
As a statue, but still.
Pamra Don in Sheri Tepper’s The Awakeners, though she’s very profoundly misunderstood the actual power structure in her world…
I’d offer Elend Venture (dead giveaway) from Sanderson’s Mistborn series.
Tried to post this yesterday but for some reason it wasn’t uploading – To Howard Hughes: A Modest Proposal (1974) by Joe Haldeman has an interesting take on world peace – plant nukes in major cities in multiple power blocs then threaten to detonate them if the country concerned doesn’t disarm. Amazingly this works, and nobody seems to think of e.g. ‘accidentally’ setting off one of the nukes in another country and making it look like that country tried to tamper with the bomb.
“The Marching Morons” by C.M. Kornbluth. The thawed-out crooked real estate salesman has no problem convincing the remaining smart people of the distant future to commit global genocide as a means of relieving overpopulation.
Harry Turtledove’s Joe Steele is even bleaker than Back in the USSA: Stalin’s parents emigrate to the US, and when he grows up he arranges for FDR’s home to be torched the night before the 1932 nominating convention. The results are as brutal as you’d expect.
The backstory of Gladiator-at-Law features a visionary who thought he could change the world by inventing a house made of energy, slashing costs; this has worked out very badly by the time the story opens.
I’m rereading H. Beam Piper. Both Space Viking and The Cosmic Computer have visionary central characters who revive dying planets with sweeping (but positive) schemes.
The Parable of the Sower and Parable of the Talents obviously come to mind, with Lauren’s transformative Earthseed philosophy.
Possibly Ministry of the Future, although if anything it illustrates the need for a collective of visionaries working both together and separately rather than a single person.
Gordon R. Dickson’s Childe Cycle.
Cliopher Mdang from The Hands of the Emperor by Victoria Goddard – the Emperor’s secretary, who reorganizes the world government based on principles from his people’s oral tradition, to the benefit of the commoners and the detriment of the corrupt.
I’d go with a cult (read new-age) classic – Valentine Michael Smith of “Stranger in a Strange Land”. Inadvertent, but a world-changing visionary, nonetheless.
(I don’t know about Hari Seldon. He was a psycho-historian, who merely predicted what wouold happen. Did that change things? Unclear…)
He didn’t just predict; he took action (establishing the two Foundations) to make sure that his gloomy predictions (millennia of barbarism) were superseded.
I got distracted and didn’t post my comment earlier. I just recently read Gore Vidal’s “Messiah.” It was written at the height of communist paranoia, and McCarthyism. I don’t know if the creator of this new world order intended for it to happen, however, I do know the protagonist saw it coming and tried to change what was happening before it was too late. I recommend this book it’s a quick read.